I have just posted a trio of new research white papers to SSRN. These represent the latest output from the Kennedy Idea Propulsion Laboratory and the culmination of my work over the last month to move AI beyond “utilitarian drift.” This is the cycle of incremental efficiency gains that ultimately generates no transformative insight.
Human-in-the-Loop Is Systems Stewardship
An investigation into why serious AI work depends less on clever prompts and more on defending invariants, boundaries, and human judgment.
At the end of a long, technical AI session this week, something became clear to me: human-in-the-loop is being misunderstood in ways that matter.
The issue wasn’t whether the system could generate outputs quickly
The Inquest: Trading the AI Idol for Human Investigation
In 1980, I wrote a senior thesis paper called “Imagination: A Romantic Ideal.” My investigation then was a critique of the German and English Romantics who, in their zeal to undo the “damage” of Enlightenment Reason, merely erected a new idol: The Imagination.
Through a concrete analysis of Keats and Poe, I discovered a truth
The Operational Protocol Method: Systematic LLM Specialization Through Collaborative Persona Engineering and Agent Coordination
This paper has been published and and a PDF of it is available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5397903
The Operational Protocol Method: Systematic LLM Specialization Through Collaborative Persona Engineering and Agent Coordination
By Dennis Kennedy
August 19, 2025
Kennedy Idea Propulsion Laboratory Working Paper No. 2025-01
License: This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
Is the Legal Profession Ready to Win the AI Race? America’s AI Action Plan Has Fired the Starting Gun
The Starting Gun for Legal AI Has Fired. Who in Our Profession is on the Starting Line?
The legal profession’s “wait and see” approach to artificial intelligence is now officially obsolete.
This isn’t hyperbole. This is a direct consequence of the White House’s new “Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan.” After spending the last
HyperCard: Illustrating My AI Prompting Approach
I’ve been working on organizing and optimizing my AI prompts and prompting methodologies. I noticed that I have two major categories of approaches.
The first I call “complex, structured prompting.”
Google Gemini describes that, and I think accurately, as “a systematic, engineered way to interact with AI. It’s about building a personalized ‘cognitive operating system’
AI’s Role in Legal Practice: High-End and Middle Ground
I spent the month of November doing what I called an “AI Sprint,” in which I experimented with a lot of new approaches and tried generating new types of outputs. I haven’t shared much of that yet, but I thought this exploration of what “AI in the Middle” might mean in law and law practice
Syllabus for My AI and the Law Course Now Available on the Syllabi Commons
I see the future of legal education transforming before our eyes, and I’m excited to share that I’m contributing in my own small way to that transformation. My Fall 2024 syllabus for “Artificial Intelligence and the Law” at Michigan State University College of Law is now available on the Syllabi Commons, thanks to John
How Can Law Professors Effectively Teach AI Literacy to Law Students? LegalRnD AI Studio
How Can Law Professors Effectively Teach AI Literacy to Law Students?
Last spring at the Michigan State University College of Law and the MSU Center for Law, Technology & Innovation we introduced the “LegalRnD AI Studio,” a groundbreaking mini-course series designed to elevate law students’ AI literacy, focusing on practical skills in generative AI. I
Handout from my AI Prompting Workshop at the Great Lakes Legal Conference
I had a great time presenting about AI at the 2024 State Bar of Michigan’s Great Lakes Legal Conference last week. It was cool to have four Michigan Supreme Court Justices in one of the sessions.
As part of my ongoing effort to help make the Michigan legal community leaders in AI and law, I